We do the science, you get the benefits.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Whole Blood with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 20 x 1ml tests or 40 x 0.5ml tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (50µg) - store at -20°C

B. 1 x bottle freeze dried Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - (store at +4°C)

C. 2 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store FD and reconstituted at -20°C

D. 2 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconsitution)

E. 1 x bottle Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

F. 2 x bottles Blood Dilution Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

G. 1 pack of 25 blood dilution tubes and caps

Knight Scientific Limited (www.knightscientific.com) is recognised all over the world as a leader in the measurement of oxidative stress and for its accurate unique methods and test kits for measuring the antioxidant activity of natural products and the specific ingredients used in their formulation.

Antioxidant activity and ABEL®-RAC Explained

Antioxidant activity is a general term used to describe the ability a material has to neutralise the highly reactive oxidising species (ROS) which are derived from oxygen. ROS are produced in the body under different conditions and also are produced by cells of our immune system which become overactive during infections and inflammation. They are even produced by exposure to UV light as well as water and airborne pollutants from the environment. Excessive production of ROS with insufficient antioxidants to neutralise them leads to oxidative stress with concomitant damage to cells and cellular components such as DNA, RNA and cell membranes as well as attacking enzymes and other proteins. These ROS are sometimes called free radicals but while some ROS are free radicals (molecules with unpaired electrons in our orbitals) others such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and singlet oxygen are non-radical oxidants.

Different kinds of ROS require different kinds of antioxidants to neutralise them

What is not always appreciated that the different ROS are neutralised by a range of of antioxidant molecules with different abilities to neutralise these ROS. And the mechanisms used by these different antioxidant molecules varies greatly. While natural materials, especially plant extracts contain very many molecules with different antioxidant properties these constituents vary greatly as to their antioxidant activity per mg. The plant extracts will also have components that are water or oil soluble and the antioxidant capacity of these extracts when dissolved in water or different dilutions of alcohol (or other solvents) will need to be determined when standardising ABEL-Max batch to batch.

The company has developed a unique method called ABEL®-RAC™ (relative antioxidant activity) in which an antioxidant score per mg of the material being tested is generated. ABEL®-RAC™ is the specific antioxidant capacity of a mg of material when challenged by a specific ROS.

Knight Scientific ABEL-MAX contains a rich blend of powerful antioxidants & polyphenols The four potent natural ingredients have been formulated in our laboratory at Knight Scientific in such a way as to maximise the antioxidant activity of the mixture and design positive synergy into the formulation. What this means is that each mg of ABEL-MAX, as a complete entity, delivers more ABEL®-RAC units per mg than the sum of the ABEL®-RAC mg scores of its constituent parts. Synergy between the different ingredients can be quantified and used to reproduce an identical product batch to batch. Our method of formulation requires us to quantify the activity of each ingredient separately and adjust the formulation for each new batch. This rigorous approach enables us to reproduce the efficacy of the product perfectly batch to batch and ensure that the body is able to utilise the mixture in repeatable and predictable ways. ABEL®- RAC Explained The ABEL®- RAC (Relative Antioxidant Capacity) scale is the most accurate way to measure and compare ingredients and finished products for their ability to withstand attack by a range of different kinds of free radicals and other highly reactive oxidants. ABEL®- RAC measures the way the active ingredients in these four plant extracts work, not just the amount of particular active ingredients (which we also measure) that are in the product. It improves on older testing methods that only give an indication of the strength. The ABEL® RAC score shows us exactly how strong every milligram of ABEL-MAX is. We use this quality system to guarantee our ingredients meet the highest quality standards and to ensure that every container of ABEL-MAX provides the same level of efficacy. ABEL-MAX contains ABEL®-RAC score 400,000 units/mg at time of manufacture Ingredients: (Extracts of: Green tea, Grape seed, Pomegranate and Pine bark), capsule shell - Oxi-Zeal™ (Pullulan). Suitable for Vegetarians and Vegans. Directions for use: 1 capsule with food for daily maintenance and 2-4 capsules per day when extra immune support is required. ABEL (Analysis By Emitted Light) is a registered trademark of Knight Scientific Limited.

Product NameCell Activation Test Kit for Whole Blood with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Quantity:Kit components sufficient for 40 x 1ml tests or 80 x 0.5ml tests.

Kit/Set Contains:

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 1 x bottle Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 2 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 3 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconsitution)

E. 1 x bottle Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

F. 2 x bottle Blood Dilution Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

G. 2 packs of 25 blood dilution tubes and caps

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Whole Blood with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 80 x 1ml tests or 120 x 0.5ml tests.

A. 2 x bottles Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 2 x bottles Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 4 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 6 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

E. 2 x bottle Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

F. 2 x bottle Blood Dilution Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

G. 2 packs of 25 blood dilution tubes and caps

ABEL-Max is a dietary supplement that is sold under the brand name : ABEL®-Max™,

ABEL-MAX has been developed exclusively, standardised and improved by Knight Scientific Limited in our laboratories in the UK over a number of years.

ABEL-Max is a mixture of four specific natural plant extracts rich in polyphenols and with very high antioxidant activity. The four potent natural ingredients: grapeseed, green tea from decaffeinated tea, pomegranate and pine bark extracts

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Whole Blood with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 1 x bottle Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 2 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 3 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

E. 1 x bottle Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

F. 3 x bottles Blood Dilution Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

G. 4 packs of 25 blood dilution tubes and caps

H. 2 x 96 well white luminometer microplates

Knight Scientific returns to ‘Food Matters Live’, the event that promises insight, debate and collaboration and with 800 exhibitors, 400 Speakers and 100 seminars there is something for everyone; visit Stand 4 at the Research Hub to see how we can help you with the measurement of free radicals, antioxidants, oxidative stress and inflammation.

Food Matters Live: “Changing the Future of Food and Drink” November 20/22 – ExCel - London

The Research Hub: science and technology play a pivotal role in ensuring a sustainable, nutritious global food system fit for the future. From food security, food safety through to disruptive food and drink ideas, the Research Hub offers a place where science, technology and innovation meet. Our stand will be focussing on Knight Scientific’s ABEL-RAC™ test which is used to optimise formulations, identify synergy between ingredients, produce ABEL-RAC (relative antioxidant capacity) scores per mg of ingredients and challenge ingredients and finished products with a range of reactive oxygen species. ​ ABEL-RAC™ is the unique test for natural products. To find out more please call us…

ABEL® is an acronym for Analysis By Emitted Light. In the ABEL® antioxidant assays light is generated by a reaction between the photo-protein Pholasin® protein and a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS). If a material to be tested for potential antioxidant capacity is challenged with one or more of these reactive species in the presence of Pholasin®, then any antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for these ROS. The result of this competition is a reduction in the amount of light emitted, sometimes referred to as quenching. A light response curve is produced for each sample tested.

ABEL® is an acronym for Analysis By Emitted Light. In the ABEL® antioxidant assays light is generated by a reaction between the photo-protein Pholasin® protein and a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS). If a material to be tested for potential antioxidant capacity is challenged with one or more of these reactive species in the presence of Pholasin®, then any antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for these ROS. The result of this competition is a reduction in the amount of light emitted, sometimes referred to as quenching. A light response curve is produced for each sample tested.

Separate light response curves are produced for each concentration of a material tested as well as the no sample control. The results are presented as

EC 50 values and ABEL-RAC scores. The EC 50 (effective concentration mg) is the concentration (normalised to g/L or mg/mL) of a material that reduces the light (produced with Pholasin ® and the free radical or other reactive oxygen species) by 50%. This reduction in light is the antioxidant capacity of the test material.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Isolated Cells with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (50µg) - store at -20°C

B. 1 x bottle Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 1 x bottle fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 2 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

E. 1 x bottle Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

F. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

ABEL-MAX has been formulated in our laboratory in such a way as to maximise the antioxidant activity of the mixture and design positive synergy into the formulation. What this means is that each mg of ABEL-MAX, as a complete entity, delivers more ABEL®-RAC units per mg than the sum of the ABEL®-RAC mg scores of its constituent parts. Synergy between the different ingredients can be quantified and used to reproduce an identical product batch to batch.

Our method of formulation requires us to quantify the activity of each ingredient separately and adjust the formulation each time a new batch is manufactured. Just reproducing a previous formula but with new natural ingredients, even from the same supplier, will not work as natural products vary greatly. To obtain a minimum ABEL®-RAC score and positive synergy, that is when the sum of the individual ingredients in the formulation produces a greater ABEL®-RAC score per mg than predicted by the sum of the individual ABEL®-RAC scores of the ingredients in the formulation requires extensive testing each time a new batch of supplement is made. In addition, this rigorous approach enables us to reproduce the efficacy of the product perfectly batch to batch and ensure that the body is able to utilise the mixture in repeatable and predictable ways.

The greater the amount of material that is required to reduce the light by half, the weaker the antioxidant capacity. The amount of material required to reduce the light be half is termed the EC 50 (50% effective concentration). Materials with very high antioxidant capacity have very low EC 50 values. To make it more readily understandable these EC 50 values have been converted to positive relative antioxidant capacity scores (ABEL-RAC mg scores) for each free radical or oxidant used to challenge the test material. For examples when peroxynitrite is used as the ROS challenge then the result will be expressed as ABEL-RAC mg Peroxynitrite, for superoxide challenge ABEL- RAC mg superoxide. ABEL-RAC mg scores are the reciprocal of the EC 50 values multiplied by 100 (1/EC 50 x 100). The higher ABEL-RAC mg score the higher the antioxidant capacity of the sample.

​In a market that’s worth billions there is a vast amount to take in, but the SCS Formulate event has all: demonstrations and presentations, product development and emerging technology, future trends and new markets and with so much going on and so many industry experts, SCS Formulate is ‘the place’ to be if cosmetics is your business. Our stand will be focussing on Knight Scientific’s ABEL-RAC™ method for the testing of materials and finished products. The test measures the antioxidant activity of different ingredients and it helps manufactures to understand the marketing claims that they can make as a result. In a nutshell we have the test that provides you with the science based evidence to support your products. ​ ABEL-RAC™ is the unique test for natural products. To find out more please call us…

The ABEL® (Analysis By Emitted Light) antioxidant test kits, of Knight Scientific Limited, measure the capacity of a sample to scavenge free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS). If the sample has already been exposed to ROS then its antioxidant capacity will have been reduced. Natural materials, such as plants, will have variable antioxidant capacities depending upon conditions under which they were grown as well as the condition of their storage after harvest. Shelf life can also be determined by measuring the loss of antioxidant capacity over time.

The ABEL® (Analysis By Emitted Light) antioxidant test kits, of Knight Scientific Limited, measure the capacity of a sample to scavenge free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS). If the sample has already been exposed to ROS then its antioxidant capacity will have been reduced. Natural materials, such as plants, will have variable antioxidant capacities depending upon conditions under which they were grown as well as the condition of their storage after harvest. Shelf life can also be determined by measuring the loss of antioxidant capacity over time.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Isolated Cells with Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 40 x 1ml tests or 80 x 0.5ml tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 2 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at -20°C

C. 2 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

D. 2 x bottles Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

Cosmetic Testing using ABEL®-RAC

The MSc Applied Cosmetic Science course offered by The London College of Fashion focuses on ‘the needs of the cosmetic industry and its consumers, in addition to providing students with the critical and evaluative skills to become professional scientists.’ Aimee Nottingham: “The London College of Fashion specialises in fashion education, research and consultancy. I chose the Applied Cosmetic Science course as it offers a wide choice of modules which provide a comprehensive overview of many sectors in the cosmetic industry. During the final Masters year students are required to identify a specific area that they want to research; typically this is an existing field of work where students can innovate and add something new. I have a particular interest in natural cosmetics and this led me to my research into antioxidants.” The project was centred the skin damage caused by free radicals and reactive oxygen species where the aim was to assess the antioxidant activity of specific botanical extracts individually, as well as when they are incorporated into a cosmetic emulsion. Aimee: “There are many analytical methods that measure antioxidant capacity; my research used the ABEL®-RAC test which has been developed by Knight Scientific. This test is quick, reliable and reproduceable; given that the issue if reproducibility is trending in the cosmetics industry and that the research work had to be completed in a set timeframe the ABEL®-RAC test was a good fit. ​ My research focused on three well-known brands of anti-aging cream and found that these commercial products had a low antioxidant activity when compared with the emulsions that I had developed. There are of course many factors to consider in this research, for example I tested fresh products, not aged products, but the one notable finding was that ABEL®-RAC is available today for existing cosmetic manufactures to use and as it can test existing products at the beginning and at the end of their shelf life, this is a useful tool to verify and substantiate the claims made by the manufacturers.”

What happens when a capsule is taken?

After taking a capsule of ABEL-Max increased antioxidant activity measured with the ABEL®-TAC (total antioxidant capacity) has been traced to the blood within one to one and a half hours after taking it. Interestingly, extensive ex vivo experiments on finger prick blood has revealed an effect the supplement has on initially enhancing the activity of various white blood cells, especially neutrophils and monocytes, cells from the immune system. Similarly, the supplement when exposed to cultured lung epithelial cells at different doses has been able to inhibit the infection of these cells by Influenza A, Influenza B and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) particles. While the supplement with high polyphenol content when used by elite athletes at specific times before exercise improved their endurance (anecdotal reports) inadvertently helped to alleviate the symptoms of upper respiratory infections frequently associated with competitive elite sport.

Knight Scientific has developed a highly accurate testing method for quantifying the antioxidant capacity of materials per mass of the material; usually the score is reported per mg but can be scaled up. An ABEL- RAC™ (relative antioxidant capacity) mg score can be used to adjust the final amounts of ingredients in repeat formulations as well as reject unsuitable ingredients. In this way products based on natural products can be matched batch to batch. The ABEL-RAC™ mg score can be used to standardize ingredients used in natural products as well as the itself.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Isolated Cells with Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 80 x 1ml tests or 160 x 0.5ml tests.

A. 2 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 4 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

C. 6 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

D. 2 x bottles Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

Knight Scientific has developed a highly accurate testing method for quantifying the antioxidant capacity of materials per mass of the material; usually the score is reported per mg but can be scaled up. An ABEL- RAC™ (relative antioxidant capacity) mg score can be used to adjust the final amounts of ingredients in repeat formulations as well as reject unsuitable ingredients. In this way products based on natural products can be matched batch to batch. The ABEL-RAC™ mg score can be used to standardize ingredients used in natural products as well as the itself.

Knight Scientific has developed a highly accurate testing method for quantifying the antioxidant capacity of materials per mass of the material; usually the score is reported per mg but can be scaled up. An ABEL- RAC™ (relative antioxidant capacity) mg score can be used to adjust the final amounts of ingredients in repeat formulations as well as reject unsuitable ingredients. In this way products based on natural products can be matched batch to batch. The ABEL-RAC™ mg score can be used to standardize ingredients used in natural products as well as the itself.

In this figure a sample to be tested for antioxidant capacity is

challenged with a particular free radical or oxidant in the presence of the light-

emitting protein Pholasin  . The concentration that reduced the light by 50% is

determined from the results of a range of concentrations and analysed using

an exponential regression curve. A template is used to obtain this value. This

is the effective concentration (EC 50 ) of the sample. The EC 50 is converted to

an ABEL-RAC™ score using the formula: 1/EC 50 (mg) x 100. ABEL-RAC™

scores, for all the different challenges can be expressed per mg, per dose or

percentage in a formula as well as per unit cost. .

.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Isolated Cells with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 40 x 1ml tests or 80 x 0.5ml tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 1 x bottle Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 2 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 3 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconsitution)

E. 2 x bottles Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

There's been a high level of interest from BBC television about Knight Scientific's research and testing products. We've had the 'Countryfile' series looking at the role of ABEL-RAC in modern day research into the properties of plant based medicine, 'The One Show' visiting Plymouth Argyle to find out more about the power the ABELsport test and more recently 'Beach Live' had the first televised exposure of out new Equine-ABEL test for managing the health of racehorses during training. You can catch up on two of these programmes here: http://bit.ly/KSL_One_Show and http://bit.ly/Beach_Live

Antioxidant activity is a general term used to describe the ability a material has to neutralise the highly reactive oxidising species (ROS) which are derived from oxygen. ROS are produced in the body under different conditions and also are produced by cells of our immune system which become overactive during infections and inflammation. They are even produced by exposure to UV light as well as water and airborne pollutants from the environment. Excessive production of ROS with insufficient antioxidants to neutralise them leads to oxidative stress with concomitant damage to cells and cellular components such as DNA, RNA and cell membranes as well as attacking enzymes and other proteins. These ROS are sometimes called free radicals but while some ROS are free radicals (molecules with unpaired electrons in our orbitals) others such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and singlet oxygen are non-radical oxidants.

Different kinds of ROS require different kinds of antioxidants to neutralise them

What is not always appreciated that the different ROS are neutralised by a range of of antioxidant molecules with different abilities to neutralise these ROS. And the mechanisms used by these different antioxidant molecules varies greatly. While natural materials, especially plant extracts contain very many molecules with different antioxidant properties these constituents vary greatly as to their antioxidant activity per mg. The plant extracts will also have components that are water or oil soluble and the antioxidant capacity of these extracts when dissolved in water or different dilutions of alcohol (or other solvents) will need to be determined when standardising ABEL-Max batch to batch.

The company has developed a unique method called ABEL®-RAC™ (relative antioxidant activity) in which an antioxidant score per mg of the material being tested is generated. ABEL®-RAC™ is the specific antioxidant capacity of a mg of material when challenged by a specific ROS.

ABEL-RAC™ scores are expressed per mg of dried material or µL of a liquid for each of the ROS used to challenge the material. Some materials will be better antioxidants against some free radicals than others.

The scores per mg for each ingredient can be used directly in formulations to determine the theoretical total ABEL-RAC score for the finished product. The theoretical score is then compared to the actual score of the finished product. By determining the ratio of the actual to the theoretical ABEL  -RAC score it is possible to quantify positive or negative synergy.

ABEL-RAC™ scores are expressed per mg of dried material or µL of a liquid for each of the ROS used to challenge the material. Some materials will be better antioxidants against some free radicals than others.

The scores per mg for each ingredient can be used directly in formulations to determine the theoretical total ABEL-RAC score for the finished product. The theoretical score is then compared to the actual score of the finished product. By determining the ratio of the actual to the theoretical ABEL  -RAC score it is possible to quantify positive or negative synergy.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Isolated Cells with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 200 tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 1 x bottle Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 2 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 3 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

E. 2 x bottles Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

F. 2 x 96 well white luminometer microplates

Are we Winning?

The big question that sets the scene for this year’s conference is: ‘Are we Winning?’ With its focus on the effectiveness of football and sports medicine, the event will bring together some of the best minds from across the world to share their knowledge and compare best practice. The key questions to be explored this year are:

• What is the real impact of our player care work for the footballers of the world?

• Are we ready and able to measure outcomes?

• What are the outcomes of prevention, surgery and conservative management?

The 3-day conference offers a packed programme with presentations and workshops along with 40 exhibitors, including Knight Scientific who are sharing stand 15/16 with two companies; Proteal®- a biotechnology company based in Spain which offers medical and surgical regenerative therapies, in particular medical devices for producing platelet rich plasma used for would healing and cartilage repair and DiaGenomi Ltd - a high-tech company from Slovenia that offers genetic testing as the basis for personalised medicine including the assessment of risk of injury and cardiovascular complications with specific relevance to elite sport. For more details http://www.footballmedicinestrategies.com/en/

The 2018 Isokinetic Football Medicine Conference is ready to kick off at Camp Nou, Barcelona! The event - hosted by the Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence the Barça Innovation Hub - will see over 3000 attendees from 97 countries accessing 220 speakers; it’s the landmark occasion for all those who have an interest in sports medicine. Knight Scientific will be exhibiting at this prestigious event, sharing a stand with Proteal® and DiaGenomi Ltd. ​

Earlier this month Knight Scientific attended Europe’s leading event for rehabilitation professionals; The COPA Series conference at ExCel in London. The event hosted 160 exhibitors and 90 seminars along with thousands of visitors who attended over the two days. ​Dr Jan Knight, a Keynote Speaker, provided a presentation called: Monitoring Fitness, Fatigue and Infection in One Simple Blood Test.”

<h4 class="font_4">OPA Series 2018</h4>

COPA Series is Europe's leading event for rehabilitation professionals, showcasing the very best from the physio, chiro, osteo, podiatry, prosthetics, orthotics and physical therapy industries. Dr Jan Knight: “The COPA Series was a wonderful event to attend; so many interesting people to mix with and from a business point of view it proved to be very good for Knight Scientific as we established many interesting connections and opportunities.” Jan has delivered many presentations at international conferences along with seminars and practical workshops for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, personal care and medical device companies, so some consideration had to be given to the presentation for this most prestigious event… Dr Jan Knight: “The COPA Series provided Knight Scientific with the perfect platform to provide attendees with detailed insight to one of our most valuable test kits: ABELsport®. The seminar also provided the opportunity for me to present the ABELsport® test through my talk entitled:‘Monitoring Fitness, Fatigue and Infection in One Simple Blood Test.’ We know that the question that sports coaches have is: “Who should I push and who should I rest?” – The ABELsport™ test provides the answer.” During the event delegates were shown how the test can be performed by coaches at the track side, in a changing room or just about anywhere – for example the boot of a car – and how the test can be conducted at Knight Scientific’s laboratory.

Kit/Set Contains:

Cell Activation Test Kit for Isolated Cells with Pholasin® and Adjuvant-K™ (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 80 x 1ml tests or 160 x 0.5ml tests.

A. 2 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg) - store at -20°C

B. 2 x bottle Adjuvant-K™ (reconstitute to 5ml) - store at +4°C

C. 4 x bottles fMLP (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C

D. 6 x bottles PMA (reconstitute to 2.5ml) - store at -20°C (store at +4°C after reconstitution)

E. 4 x bottles Reconstitution and Assay Buffer (50ml) - store at -20°C

Dr Jan Knight will be speaking at the SCI’s “Food Antioxidants and Functional Ingredients” Conference: March 7th/ 8th - London. Dr Jan Knight: “I am delighted to be invited to speak at this most prestigious event along with guest speakers from all over the world. During my presentation I will explore how the whole field of antioxidants in food, antioxidant status in people and oxidative stress, led many supplement companies to promote how their products might be working in the body and how the marketing people got a little carried away the message: ‘more is better’…” Antioxidants are recognised as important components in human and animal nutrition and also serve as functional ingredients in protecting products from deterioration due to attack by free radicals. The whole field of antioxidants in foods, antioxidant status in people and oxidative stress led many supplement companies to promote their antioxidant products without necessarily understanding how their products might be working in the body. With the growing awareness of the importance of antioxidants in our diet and the simplistic presentation of oxidative stress it was understandable how the marketing people got carried away with the message, more is better. Then came some big scientific studies with Vitamin E in which it started to emerge that more might not necessarily be better but too much could also be harmful. Overnight, this excellent ‘brand’ ANTIOXIDANT was trashed because some people marketing these products had lost sight of the scientific advances in the understanding of how antioxidants actually work in the body as well as in the products. Jan brings clarity to this whole area while also explaining how Knight Scientific has developed accurate methods for measuring antioxidant activity which can be used to make products based on natural products make perfectly batch to batch. Therefore, if a formulation with antioxidant activity leads to a beneficial effect on the individual taking the product, while it is tempting to claim the effect is directly linked to antioxidant activity this may or may not be the case. The ingredients are clearly interacting in the body in a way that is bestowing a beneficial effect. The most important thing is to guarantee that your natural product can be manufactured, batch to batch, with perfectly reproducible antioxidant activity, so that it will perform exactly as it did in a trial or when the beneficial effect was confirmed. The beneficial effect can be repeated providing you can match the antioxidant activity of your product batch to batch. Dr Jan Knight: “This kind of view is not new, after all, if you drink too much water you can die. However, many companies started to panic, especially when the EFSA rejected registration of many products that had the word ‘antioxidant’ on their package or in their promotion. The companies responded by removing the word from their packets and substituted words such as phytochemicals, polyphenols, flavonoids which all have antioxidant properties. However, the word on its own had very little meaning to most people. I predicted a few years ago that the fuss would die down; after all we need antioxidants in our body and during food production. The question is how the body obtains antioxidant protect from harmful effects of too many free radical and non-radical oxidants. I suggested that if manufacturers had good experimental evidence to support their marketing claims, they should hold their nerve and not throw the ‘antioxidant baby’ out with the bathwater.” The talk will also show how the measurement of antioxidant activity can be used to monitor real time shelf life, to measure batch to batch uniformity and to identify where in a manufacturing process a product is being damaged by excess oxidation as well being able to measure the freshness of food. Jan also rounds-up her talk with a description of an accurate method for measuring antioxidant capacity of plasma/serum of humans (and some other animals) which can be used to identify people with poor diets at possible risk of type 2 diabetes as well as identify oxidative stress. The story of antioxidants is a complex one, but not a bad one; Jan will be talking about recent research that indicates that reactive oxygen may trigger the body to make its own antioxidants. It’s an exciting story and one that is not to be missed.

Dr Jan Knight recently travelled back from the historic city of Pisa having had the most productive two-day meeting with the participants of the Lumiblast Project, working alongside her project counterparts from Norway, Greece and Spain. Jan explains: “Lumiblast is a Horizon 2020 science research project under the banner of ‘FET’ – Future Emerging Technologies. As the name suggests, this is all about EU funding for research into areas that are largely un-explored. We hear the word ‘innovation’ a great deal these days, but this really is new ground; FET is about thinking, researching and finding radical new technologies that challenge our current thinking and in some cases, our current knowledge – and ultimately putting this all to work to solve some of the biggest challenges that we all face. This is what makes our work and contribution so exciting.” To understand more about the relevance of the this work it’s necessary to look at brain cancers and in particular those defined as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Such cancers make up approximately 15% of brain tumours, they are typically inaccessible and highly aggressive with fewer than 3-5% of people surviving longer than five years after diagnosis. The problem with treating GBM is that the tumour is not localised or solid, rather it has invisible tentacles that spread throughout the brain, so surgical removal of the tumour along with chemotherapy and radiotherapy remains very much a treatment – not a cure. There are however other brain cancers that do respond well to treatment but not GBM. There is currently an approach to cancer treatment that is very effective It is called photo dynamic therapy or PDT. It is used, for example, to treat cancers at the surface of the body such as skin cancers. The process involves applying a ‘sensitiser’ chemical in a cream to the affected area and leaving it to be absorbed by the cancerous cells. Light then is directed onto the area where it activates the sensitiser in the cancer cells to produce very reactive molecules that kill the cells. These reactive molecules, derived from oxygen are called singlet oxygen. Jan explains further: “Wouldn’t it be nice if we could use PDT to cure virtually incurable cancers such as GBM, but it’s not possible to penetrate the brain with light and even when the GBM is exposed surgically to such treatment, the invisible threads throughout the brain remain. This is where our group has come up with a crazy idea: we will use PDT inside out. We are aiming to turn the cancer cells inside the brain into miniature ‘light bulbs’ and when these get ‘switched on’ the light will activate the sensitiser, which will in turn kill the cancer cells.” The whole process is the focus of the Lumiblast research project and there are many areas to be assessed and developed, but the objective is clear: a ‘drug’ comprising a ‘light bulb + sensitiser’ will be introduced into the patient where it will make its way into the brain and inside the cancer cells and at a deeper level it will use the excess electrons (released by the normal functions of the cells’ mitochondria) as the energy that switches on the light that will activate the sensitiser that will then, in turn kill the cell… Jan Knight: “This is a remarkable idea and one that the EU has selected for funding as it is best placed to bring together the diverse groups that have the expertise to make this work. The Lumiblast projects brings together leaders in the fields of PDT and photomedicine, synthetic organic chemistry, photochemistry, drug delivery and ROS-activated luminescence. We are working closely with our partners at Oslo University Hospital, Oslo University, the University of Athens and the Polytechnic University of Valencia. The meeting with all the partners in Pisa proved to be an ideal opportunity to review the work to date and for us all to prepare for the next milestone; a meeting in Brussels which will determine the course of the research project.” For more information on the Lumiblast Project please visit cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/203541

Enter your answer here

BBC One’s flagship natural history programme “Countryfile” – broadcast on August 6th at 17.30 – saw Ellie Harrison looking at how plants have been centre stage in our lives for many years and how they remain at the forefront of research into modern day treatment of disease. Plants have been used to treat illness for many hundreds of years. In the absence of technology, herbal remedies provided the only reliable available sources of medicine. The earliest records of herbal medicine are the Chinese treaties of around 2500 BC. And the Greeks and Romans, especially Hippocrates, who is traditionally regarded as the Father of Medicine furthered the knowledge of herbal medicine. The pharmaceutical industry spends enormous resources on hunting down new plants that have medicinal properties. They then isolate the active ingredients in order to copy these molecules for use in new drugs for treatment of all kinds of illnesses and conditions. However, sometimes the natural material with its active ingredients works much better in its natural state instead of as an isolated pure ingredient. However, how to match products based on natural plant materials, so that the finished product has the exact same activity, batch to batch, is a problem that Knight Scientific has been able to solve with its unique ABEL-RAC method. Dr Jan Knight of Knight Scientific explains: Most natural materials have components which have antioxidant properties that are capable of counteracting the harmful effects of free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS occur during normal plant biochemistry and physiology but also can be produced by exposure to UV light or environmental stresses of drought, insects, pesticides and herbicides. Antioxidants in the plants protect the plant from damage caused by these ROS. They are the first line of defence for this ROS attack but they get used up or lose some or all of their antioxidant activity putting the plant at risk. ​ Knight Scientific has harnessed the measurement of this antioxidant activity as a means to standardise natural products. The ABEL®-RAC (relative antioxidant capacity) method is used for ingredients and finished products, including natural products such as plant extracts that contain a complex mixture of molecules. The ABEL-RAC score, usually expressed per mg of material, gives you a measure of activity of the natural material. This score can be used directly in formulae with the amount added depending upon the ABEL-RAC score. Because of the accuracy of our method it is possible to use the ABEL®-RAC scores to measure loss of activity over time (shelf life) and match new batches of product perfectly, batch to batch. ABEL-RAC mg scores are also used for optimising formulations and identifying possible synergy between ingredients in the formulation.

<h4 class="font_4">Playing the Players</h4>

Football is a phenomenon; no other sport has such a following; it’s always in the media for reasons good and bad, but either way it brings people together from all over the world; strangers meet and talk and tease and laugh and cry about the fortunes of their team. It’s all about winning and like all sports success is centred on the fitness of the squad, but it’s more than this. At its heart lies planning; playing the best players at the optimum time given the circumstances of moment; the pitch condition, the prevailing weather, the altitude and the opposition. The Manager and Coach work with the Medical Team to create a strategy based on information and data; the more data you have, the more you can analyse and the more options you have. Fitness data of individuals and the team is what lies at the heart of ABELsport™ the all in one test from Knight Scientific to identify early infection, measure fatigue and predict levels of performance before each match. ​ Jan Knight: “This event has been amazing; there was such a good atmosphere and Barcelona is such a lovely city; we have been at the conference these last 3 years and having the event at Camp Nou has been the best for so many reasons. The show was so well organised; we were inundated with people who all wanted to find out about ABELsport™. Our customers already know that the test can monitor and predict infection and that it’s a tool to measure, manage and prevent fatigue, but what people wanted to know was: how can this be done in one test? The Conference gave us the platform to explain how the test works, the science behind it and the supporting data that we have. In short, it is possible to predict and manage infection and fatigue and it is also a robust test; one that is highly relevant to football and all other team and individual sports. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ABELsport™ is now in a ‘ready to go format’ in terms of software and equipment; it can be used by Team Medics and Coaches. We explained that Knight Scientific provides training and support for the administration of the ABELsport™ test, much in the same way that we do for clients like Plymouth Argyle FC and we could show the data and results from real tests taken from both teams and individuals.” ABELsport™ is so much of the time; it’s another example of how visualisation of data provides real insight; in this case it allows for better management of athletes. And it’s not about simply taking Players off the pitch, it’s all about that strategy and planning; having fitness data allows Mangers to play the players at the right time, perhaps saving those with high talent to the later stages of a match where they may have most impact. ABELsport™ is a practical test that gets value from data, where access to fitness information is crucial for the best overall team performance, with the least injury, to win the most matches. No wonder there has been such a phenomenal response with enquiries from all over the world: The US, Africa, South America, Europe and Asia… from a whole host of professionals: Chief Medical Officers, Team Doctors and Physiotherapists. Jan Knight: “We were so busy, but we still managed to see other incredibly interesting companies and innovations, in fact we shared space with two highly complementary organisations, Proteal from Spain, who have products for regenerative medicine, in particular medical devices for producing platelet rich plasma used for would healing and cartilage repair. The other company, Diagenomi from Slovenia, with their genetic test to assess personal risk of injury and cardiovascular complications with specific relevance to elite sport. The synergy was so good that we are already thinking about next year with plans for the exhibition and the possibility of commercial collaboration.” A worthwhile conference and one to put in your diary for next year; a vibrant city, a fantastic ‘pitch side’ location for the Guest Speakers not to mention the food and fun… could there be anything else? Jan Knight: “These events are very useful for generating relationships and networking and ultimately for marketing products, but the overarching memory is one of like minded people from all over the world, coming together to talk enthusiastically about the things that they love. Knight Scientific were happy to sponsor Hend Adel Abdelhalim Dorgham; she is a physiotherapist from Egypt with great ambitions. We were able to introduce her to Paul Atkinson from Plymouth Argyle and Dr Saul Bloxham from University of St Mark and St John and best of all we are hoping to arrange an internship for her, here in the UK.”

From the 18th-20th of November at London's ExCel will host the Food Matters Live event and this year we will be exhibiting! Food Matters Live is the new annual event dedicated to food, health & nutrition, taking place at London's ExCel from Tuesday the 18th - Thursday the 20th of November. It is set to bring together over 450 renowned speakers, 200 exhibitors and 1000's of the most influential figures in food, health and nutrition for three days of networking, debate and cross-sector collaboration. Food Matters Live combines an exhibition with a unique education programme including over 450 speakers in free-to-attend conferences, seminars, and practical demonstrations. The conference will include 20 high-level debates over three days, covering a range of compelling topics, from understanding complex issues affecting the nutritional state of the nation to exciting new developments in food science, such as the advent of nutrigenomics. There will also be a series of 80 practical and informative seminars, featuring over 300 speakers, on themes ranging from the emergence of new technologies that are redefining product reformulation and applications, to the marketing potential for brands that drive healthy food choice, and the factors driving growth in nutrition for health and wellbeing. Food Matters Live will create a unique place in the industy where those driving the sector forward can gather to unveil new innovations, debate the critical issues affecting the food and health sectors industries, connect with new contacts and set the agenda for future research, development and production. Food Matters Live is free to attend, just click on the picture below to register! Knight Scientific will be at stand RP26 in the Research Pavilion, so come on down and see how we can help you optimise & develop your products!

PLYMOUTH scientist Dr Jan Knight travelled to Downing Street as part of a delegation to inform Chancellor George Osborne on the state of the economy and export growth.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Halogenated Oxidants) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 25 tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® for 25 tests (5ml reconstituted) Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution Buffer for Chloramine-T.

D. 2 x 50mg Chloramine-T (reconstitute to 5ml). Discard after use.

7th July 2014 KNIGHT Scientific have started weekly testing of the British Rowing team and next week we will go to Manchester to demonstrate our ABELmeter and ABELsport test for the team doctor for British Cycling and Team Sky.

2nd July 2014 KNIGHT Scientific was invited to attend 11 Downing Street to meet the Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne. George Osborne hosted the private breakfast meeting with a dozen dynamic and fast-growing Chamber of Commerce businesses from across Britain. The discussion focused on practical ways to boost exports, business investment, and growth.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Halogenated Oxidants) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 25 tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® for 25 tests (5ml reconstituted) Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution Buffer for Chloramine-T.

D. 2 x 50mg Chloramine-T (reconstitute to 5ml). Discard after use.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Halogenated Oxidants) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 50 tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® for 50 tests (10ml reconstituted) Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution Buffer for Chloramine-T

KNIGHT Scientific have been successful in winning the Herald 2014 Business award for Innovation.

<h4 class="font_4">We're shortlisted for our innovation!</h4>

WE'RE DELIGHTED to be one of only three companies shortlisted in the Innovation category of the Herald Business Awards 2014, the prestigious business recognition initiative from the Plymouth Herald.

The news broke as we were setting up our stand at the Making Cosmetics trade show in Coventry, where the very innovations that drew the judges' attention were also catching the eye of cosmetics formulators and manufacturers from the UK and Europe. "This is wonderful news for our company," said Dr Jan Knight, founder of Knight Scientific, in between taking enquiries about the company's revolutionary ABEL-Meter portable luminometer. "We're having a great time here at the show with so much interest in what we're offering - so to be shortlisted for one of these highly sought-after awards is the icing on the cake." Among Knight Scientific's innovations are the ABEL-Meter, which enables researchers to carry out the same tests they do on bulky lab luminometers but wherever they like; the ABEL-Sport test, which helps prevent overtraining and detects infection in elite athletes; the ABEL-STI test, which detects sexually-transmitted infections in six minutes instead of 10 to 14 days; and its test kits and assays that are used by household-name companies around the world.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Halogenated Oxidants) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 tests

A. 2 x bottles special antioxidant Pholasin® for 50 tests (10ml reconstituted) Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 3 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 2 x 25ml Reconstitution Buffer for Chloramine-T

D. 4 x 50mg Chloramine-T (reconstitute to 5ml). Discard after use.

Sign up for the Tripling Export Challenge

KNIGHT SCIENTIFIC is so inspired by Plymouth International Trade Club that we're aiming to triple our exports within a year – and we're challenging other city businesses to do the same. We do about a quarter of our business overseas, and we believe the Plymouth Chamber of Commerce-backed trade club could make a dramatic difference to the local economy by encouraging a huge increase in exports from the city. "We were there at the inaugural meeting and it really opened our eyes to the possibilities," says Knight Scientific's founder, Dr Jan Knight. "Although we've been exporting our test kits for years to numerous countries, there's so much more we could do - and Plymouth International Business Club is showing us the way. "It's made us aware of opportunities that could make our exports rocket, so we've set ourselves a target of tripling the value of our exports within a year. "We hope we'll do even better than that – and we're sure that many other Plymouth businesses could do the same. "So we're laying down the gauntlet and challenging other Plymouth businesses to try to triple their own exports in a year - with the backing of Plymouth International Trade Club - which would be lucrative for them and fantastic for our city. "The trade club is heavily supported by UKTi (UK Trade & Investment) and the Chamber, so there is a lot of expertise and experience available for anyone who's new to exporting or, like us, wants to up their game." Knight Scientific is a world leader in easy-to-use test kits for inflammatory and infectious disease research, monitoring wellbeing, and measuring antioxidant activity in food, cosmetics and nutraceuticals. It's hoping to vastly increase the number of cell activation and antioxidant test kits it sells to scientific and medical researchers around the world. Its most sought-after product is the pioneering sports overtraining test, ABEL-Sport, which coaches, sports nutritionists, and team doctors use with elite athletes, football teams and other sports professionals including Olympians. "The trade club is so fortunate to have Cate Taynton of the Chamber behind it," adds Dr Knight. "She's a human dynamo and is every bit as determined as we are to transform Plymouth's exports and make an impact on the local economy." HOW TO TAKE PART It's easy: all you need to do is make your pledge public via Twitter or by contacting Cate Tanton at Plymouth International Trade Club. Then make it happen! Plymouth International Trade Club can be contacted via Cate Taynton on 01752 273891 and it is on Twitter at @ExportPlymouth.

The Pholasin® emits light in the presence of peroxynitrite formed continually by the reaction between superoxide and nitric oxide released from SIN-1. In the absence of antioxidants a peak of light with Pholasin® occurs at a particular time. Antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for peroxynitrite, thereby delaying the TIME at which the peak emission occurs. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed in Vitamin E analogue (VEA) equivalent units derived from the peaktimes of a set ot VEA standards. A full plate of 96 wells (5 standards and 44 samples in duplicate) can be assayed in about 30 minutes. Aditionally to anti-oxidan product testing, the results can be compared between individuals as well as used to monitor changes in individuals in response to diet.

PLYMOUTH Argyle has a new supporter – a household-name vitamin and supplements supplier that is giving the League Two team's players a Premier League-style boost. BioCare decided to offer vitamins, supplements and dietary advice to the Pilgrims, free of charge, after it saw the pioneering work that Plymouth-based sports-testing company Knight Scientific has been doing with the team. John Harbin, Performance Manager at Plymouth Argyle, is already the envy of his Premier League counterparts because his players are the first to be tested for overtraining and infection using the finger-prick ABEL-Sport blood test. It can tell whether the players need to be rested or can be pushed harder, and it also reveals whether they are suffering from an infection, up to 48 hours before any symptoms appear. Mr Harbin, one of the most highly respected authorities in the coaching world, has been adjusting the players' training regimes in the light of the test results - and is keen to back that with specialist nutritional support. Knight Scientific arranged for John Harbin and the players to have a private session with BioCare nutritional consultant Mike Wakeman to discuss how vitamins and supplements could contribute to the fitness optimisation programme that Mr Harbin is championing. "Although the club already provides the players with good nutrition, there are always circumstances in which the right supplements can make a difference," says Mr Wakeman. "For instance, most of us become vitamin D deficient in Winter, simply due to a lack of sunlight, so adding vitamin D will help boost players' immunity and could prevent them from catching colds and flu that can affect the whole team. "To ensure that Plymouth Argyle's players really have the best, we’re giving them multivitamins, probiotics, Omega-3 fish oils and glucosamine to help support joints and tendons – and Knight Scientific will be monitoring the players' condition and progress." The supplements and vitamins BioCare is supplying are designed to help the players maintain full fitness and support their immunity - and they are also certified as safe for the team to use. The Birmingham-based company is one of the few suppliers able to guarantee that any vitamins or supplements it gives the players meet the strict standards of the World Anti-Doping Agency, WADA. "That's important because innocent players in other teams have failed drugs tests due to contaminated supplements and we want to ensure there's no chance of this happening to Plymouth Argyle's players," says Mr Wakeman, whose clients include numerous Premiership football and rugby teams and Olympians. "This all adds more power to our elbow," says John Harbin. "We're very fortunate to have the best overtraining and infection-detection tests in the world at our disposal, and BioCare's generosity means our players now have world-class nutritional support on tap, too. "I'm confident that the support we're getting from Knight Scientific and BioCare will help us improve and maintain fitness, reduce injuries, and send our players on to the pitch in the best possible condition to win."

PLYMOUTH Argyle may not be quite as well known around the world as Manchester United or Arsenal, but the League Two team now has a secret weapon that Premiership clubs will envy. The Devon side is using science to reduce sickness and prevent injury - and it's proving so successful that Plymouth Argyle's Performance Manager, John Harbin, describes it as "a Godsend".

FOOTBALL'S FUTURE: Caolan Lavery of Plymouth Argyle is tested by Scott Robert Webster of Knight Scientific

"This scientific test is an addition to the team that no other club has got," says Mr Harbin, whose international career as a football and rugby coach stretches back decades. "We're trendsetters, and we're welcoming the scientific input." The ABEL-Sport test, developed in Plymouth by Knight Scientific, can help predict overtraining, a dangerous condition in which a player might train too hard without giving the body enough chance to recover, resulting in illness or injury. "The problem with training is knowing when to stop," says Mr Harbin. "If you keep going without having enough recovery time, you can seriously damage yourself. But if you stop training when you still have capacity, you won't be as fit as you could have been. "The ABEL-Sport test can show me when a player's heading towards overtraining, before it happens, so I can adjust what he's doing in the gym or the pool and keep him in match-fit condition. "The test also detects some infections before any symptoms appear, so I can isolate a player or send him for treatment to prevent it becoming a problem for him or even for the whole team." Mr Harbin, 65, has always relied on his years of experience and professional instincts to tell whether players are under-par or reaching their training limit, but 10 weeks of testing has shown that his hunches or gut reactions were spot-on. "We've always had our assumptions and observations, but now we have the scientific evidence as well," he says. 'This test is the vital link." Mr Harbin is working hand-in-glove with Dr Jan Knight of Knight Scientific, using the test results to monitor individual players' health and performance.

GOOD TEAM: John Harbin, Performance Manager at Plymouth Argyle, is given the ABEL-Sport Test by Dr Jan Knight of Knight Scientific

"The first time we sat down to go through the test results, Dr Knight didn't even know the identities of the players she'd tested - but the tests showed that the six players who needed closer monitoring were exactly the same six I'd been privately concerned about," says Mr Harbin. "You might ask why I need the tests now that they've shown my own assessments were accurate anyway, but the tests also show me things I couldn't possibly have known, such as when a player has an infection but isn't yet showing symptoms. "It's vital that there's a respect between players and coaches, and that's so evident at Plymouth Argyle. The testing has made the players feel more involved in their own health and fitness, and they turn up for the finger-prick blood testing every week without a grumble." Dr Knight, a scientist with a worldwide reputation in the field of bioluminescence and oxidative stress research, says she's not in the least surprised that the tests have proven to be so accurate. "The body knows you're going to be ill long before you do, so our test can reveal that information and give you a chance to manage the infection or begin treating it much earlier," she says. "It's also an invaluable indicator of the state of health of a player. It's quite common for elite athletes to go into denial and keep on training when they really ought to be giving their bodies a chance to recover, so it's difficult for a coach to know whether to keep pushing them or give them a rest when they protest that they're feeling fine. "The ABEL-Sport test tells the truth about how they are, without fear or favour. That means the coach can intervene and either adjust the training regime or rest the player, depending on how much they're at risk of overtraining or infection. "The players know that the coach has their best interests at heart, and seeing the results on a print-out makes it easier for them to appreciate the danger they've been saved from. "It's been such a pleasure to work with people of the calibre and reputation of John Harbin, and the players have been so utterly charming and co-operative every time I've seen them, even though they know I'm after their blood! "We don't just sell people a test and leave them to it. I work very closely with John Harbin and ring him on the coach to an away match if the tests reveal something about a player that he needs to be concerned about. "And he asks me whether the tests show he should rest or push a player. No, we're not using a test tube to pick the teams, but John Harbin's reliance on the test results has certainly coincided with a measurable reduction in sickness and injury at Plymouth Argyle that is making life easier for the Manager, John Sheridan." Knight Scientific's test is already attracting interest from several Premiership clubs, but Plymouth Argyle is the first football team to use it over a sustained period with support and feedback from the laboratory that invented it in Plymouth. "We're confident the ABEL-Sport test will become the gold standard for footballers around the world," says Dr Knight. "It's reliable, it's scientifically proven, and it gives teams invaluable information in minutes that can make a real, practical difference."

The ABEL® peroxynitrite antioxidant test with Pholasin® measures the antioxidant capacity of plasma to protect against peroxyl radical attack: J. Knight, et al.; Luminescence 17, 95 (2002)

Skin test to launch at SCS Formulate

KNIGHT Scientific will be revealing a new test to measure the efficacy of antioxidants within the skin at SCS Formulate, the largest conference for the UK cosmetics and personal care industry. The event, at the Ricoh Arena in Coventry from 12 to 13 November, will also feature a masterclass given by Knight Scientific's co-founder, Dr Jan Knight. The event is an important one in the calendar for Knight Scientific, which already helps global names in the cosmetics industry test and formulate products.

"Cosmetics formulators and manufacturers are under ever-increasing pressure to prove the claims they want to make in their marketing and on the packaging, so we're able to help them demonstrate, scientifically, that what they say is true," says a Knight Scientific spokesman. "We're expecting our new test to cause quite a lot of interest throughout the cosmetics world when we unveil it on our stand at the show." In the meantime, if you have any media enquiries, please contact Jon McKnight on 07720 709724 or e-mail him at jon@poshaddress.com

Kit/Set Contains:

Wide-Range Antioxidant Test Kit using Peroxynitrite with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µL tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (50µg: reconstitute to 5 ml). Store at -20º.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution & Assay Buffer for Peroxynitrite assay. Store at -20º.

C. 2 x 12mg SIN-1 (mixed with an inert material) (reconstitute to 6ml). Discard any remaining.

D. 1 x 25ml Water for dissolving SIN-1. Store at -20º.

E. 1 x Vit E Analogue Standard: VEA Standard (reconstitute to 2ml). Store at -20º; when reconstituted store at 2-8º.

F. 1 x bottles with 9ml R&A Buffer for VEA standard dilution. Store at -20º.

G. 1 x 96 well white microplates

Kit/Set Contains:

Wide-Range Antioxidant Test Kit using Peroxynitrite with Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 200 x 200µL tests.

A. 1 x bottle Pholasin® (100µg: reconstitute to 10 ml). Store at -20º.

B. 1 x 50ml Reconstitution & Assay Buffer for Peroxynitrite assay. Store at -20º.

C. 3 x 12mg SIN-1 (mixed with an inert material) (reconstitute to 6ml). Discard any remaining.

D. 1 x 25ml Water for dissolving SIN-1. Store at -20º.

E. 2 x Vit E Analogue Standard: VEA Standard (reconstitute to 2ml). Store at -20º; when reconstituted store at 2-8º.

F. 2 x bottles with 4.5ml R&A Buffer for high range VEA standard dilution. Store at -20º.

G. 2 x bottles with 4.5ml R&A Buffer for low range VEA standard dilution. Store at -20º.

H. 2 x 96 well white microplates

Kit/Set Contains:

Wide-Range Antioxidant Test Kit using Peroxynitrite with Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 200 x 200µL tests.

A. 2 x bottles Pholasin® (50µg: reconstitute to 5 ml). Store at -20º.

B. 2 x 25ml Reconstitution & Assay Buffer for Peroxynitrite assay. Store at -20º.

C. 4 x 12mg SIN-1 (mixed with an inert material). Discard any remaining.

D. 2 x 25ml Water for dissolving SIN-1. Store at -20º.

E. 2 x Vit E Analogue Standard: VEA Standard (reconstitute to 2ml). Store at -20º; when reconstituted store at 2-8º.

F. 2 x bottles with 4.5ml R&A Buffer for VEA standard dilution. Store at -20º.

G. 2 x 96 well white microplates

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as the hydroxyl radical, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample with compete with Pholasin® for hydroxyl radicals, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls.

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as the hydroxyl radical, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample with compete with Pholasin® for hydroxyl radicals, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls.

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as the hydroxyl radical, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample with compete with Pholasin® for hydroxyl radicals, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Hydroxyl Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for Hydroxyl radical. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 25ml Solution A. Store at room temperature.

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 1mL: 8mmol/L). Store at -20º.

F. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 3mL: 80mmol/L). Store at -20º.

G. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Hydroxyl Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for Hydroxyl radical. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 25ml Solution A. Store at room temperature.

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 1mL: 8mmol/L). Store at -20º.

F. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 3mL: 80mmol/L). Store at -20º.

G. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Hydroxyl Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for Hydroxyl radical. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 25ml Solution A. Store at room temperature.

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 1mL: 8mmol/L). Store at -20º.

F. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 3mL: 80mmol/L). Store at -20º.

G. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Hydroxyl Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 1ml tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 3 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for Hydroxyl radical. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 50ml Solution A. Store at room temperature.

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 1mL: 8mmol/L). Store at -20º.

F. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 3mL: 80mmol/L). Store at -20º.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Hydroxyl Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 1ml tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 3 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for Hydroxyl radical. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 50ml Solution A. Store at room temperature.

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 1mL: 8mmol/L). Store at -20º.

F. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 3mL: 80mmol/L). Store at -20º.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Hydroxyl Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 1ml tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 3 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for Hydroxyl radical. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 50ml Solution A. Store at room temperature.

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 1mL: 8mmol/L). Store at -20º.

F. 1 x bottle D-mannitol standard (reconstitute to 3mL: 80mmol/L). Store at -20º.

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The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as singlet oxygen, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for singlet oxygen, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls. It is an excellent mens to determine the suitablility of materials as antioxidants with the potential to prevent lipid oxidation resulting fom singlet oxygen attack. This is also benificial in the context of edible oils.

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as singlet oxygen, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for singlet oxygen, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls. It is an excellent mens to determine the suitablility of materials as antioxidants with the potential to prevent lipid oxidation resulting fom singlet oxygen attack. This is also benificial in the context of edible oils.

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as singlet oxygen, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for singlet oxygen, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls. It is an excellent mens to determine the suitablility of materials as antioxidants with the potential to prevent lipid oxidation resulting fom singlet oxygen attack. This is also benificial in the context of edible oils.

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as singlet oxygen, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample will compete with Pholasin® for singlet oxygen, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls. It is an excellent mens to determine the suitablility of materials as antioxidants with the potential to prevent lipid oxidation resulting fom singlet oxygen attack. This is also benificial in the context of edible oils.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Singlet Oxygen) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 2 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (2.5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 5ml Singlet oxygen primer

D. 2 x 2.5ml Singlet oxygen generator

E. 1 x 25ml Buffer for Singlet oxygen generator

F. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

G. 65 x 2ml microcentrifuge tubes

H. 5 x 15ml centrifuge tubes

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Singlet Oxygen) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 2 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (2.5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 5ml Singlet oxygen primer

D. 2 x 2.5ml Singlet oxygen generator

E. 1 x 25ml Buffer for Singlet oxygen generator

F. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

G. 65 x 2ml microcentrifuge tubes

H. 5 x 15ml centrifuge tubes

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Singlet Oxygen) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 2 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (2.5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 5ml Singlet oxygen primer

D. 2 x 2.5ml Singlet oxygen generator

E. 1 x 25ml Buffer for Singlet oxygen generator

F. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

G. 65 x 2ml microcentrifuge tubes

H. 5 x 15ml centrifuge tubes

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Singlet Oxygen) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µl tests.

A. 2 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® (2.5mL reconstitution). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 5ml Singlet oxygen primer

D. 2 x 2.5ml Singlet oxygen generator

E. 1 x 25ml Buffer for Singlet oxygen generator

F. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

G. 65 x 2ml microcentrifuge tubes

H. 5 x 15ml centrifuge tubes

The kit contains the unique protein Pholasin® that emits light in the presence of free radicals such as superoxide, produced using reagents included in the kit. Antioxidants in the sample which compete with Pholasin® for free radicals, thereby reducing the light emission. The antioxidant capacity of the sample tested is expressed as the percentage reduction in peak light emission compared with controls or in ascorbaic acid equivalent units. In the test a bolus of free radicals is produced. This particular assay is very good at identifying pro-oxidants.

• Excellent reproducibility.

• Easy-to-use.

• Specific for particular types of free radical or oxidant.

• Short assay time and can be easily automated.

• Non-hazardous reagents.

A chemiluminescent test for measuring the capacity of a sample of fluid such as water, plasma, serum, synovial fluid, food and food ingredients, cosmetics etc to scavenge free radicals such as the superoxide anion.

The pack size for the tube / cuvette format kits is shown as a range (e.g. 40-80 tests, 80-160 tests). The number of tests that can be performed with a kit is determined by the luminometer used. Instruments that require a 1ml sample volume will only allow the smaller number of tests, whilst those instruments with a sample size of 0.5ml will allow the higher number of tests to be performed.

The kits are sold in either cuvette/tube luminometer formats of microplate format.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Superoxide & Other Free Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 25 tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® for 25 tests. Store at -20ºC; after reconstitution at 5mL, do not freeze, store at +4ºC.

B. 1 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20ºC.

C. 1 x 25ml Solution A. Store at room temperature. (Can be stored frozen - solution A crystallises but the crystals redissolve on warming)

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 2 x bottles L-Ascorbic acid (reconstitute to 5ml). Store at -20ºC, discard after use.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Superoxide & Other Free Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Microplate Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 x 200µL tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® for 100 tests. Store at -20ºC; after reconstitution at 5mL, do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 25ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer for superoxide microplate assay. Store at -20ºC.

C. 1 x 25ml Solution A. Store at room temperature (Can be stored frozen - solution A crystallises but the crystals redissolve on warming).

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B

E. 2 x bottles L-Ascorbic acid (reconstitute to 5ml). Store at -20ºC, discard after use.

F. 1 x 96 well white luminometer microplate

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Superoxide & Other Free Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 50 tests.

A. 1 x bottle special antioxidant Pholasin® for 50 tests (10ml reconstituted). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 1 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 1 x 50ml Solution A. Store at room temperature (Can be stored frozen - solution A crystallises but the crystals redissolve on warming).

D. 1 x 10ml Solution B.

E. 3 x bottles L-Ascorbic acid (reconstitute to 5ml). Store at -20ºC, discard after use.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Superoxide & Other Free Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 tests.

A. 2 x bottles special antioxidant Pholasin® for 50 tests each. (10ml reconstituted). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 2 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 2 x 50ml Solution A. Store at room temperature (Can be stored frozen - solution A crystallises but the crystals redissolve on warming).

D. 2 x 10ml Solution B

E. 4 x bottles L-Ascorbic acid (reconstitute to 5ml). Store at -20ºC, discard after use.

Kit/Set Contains:

Antioxidant Test Kit (Superoxide & Other Free Radicals) with Special Pholasin® (Tube/Cuvette Format)

Kit components sufficient for 100 tests.

A. 2 x bottles special antioxidant Pholasin® for 50 tests each. (10ml reconstituted). Store at -20º, after reconstitution do not freeze, store at -4ºC.

B. 2 x 50ml Reconstitution and Assay Buffer. Store at -20º.

C. 2 x 50ml Solution A. Store at room temperature (Can be stored frozen - solution A crystallises but the crystals redissolve on warming).

D. 2 x 10ml Solution B

E. 4 x bottles L-Ascorbic acid (reconstitute to 5ml). Store at -20ºC, discard after use.